Programmed cell death plays a crucial role in development and host defense with an overlap and crosstalk between pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis in the same cell population, leading to the concept of total cell death called PANoptosis. During PANoptosis activated by bacterial and viral triggers, inflammatory cell death occurs through the collective activation of pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis, which can circumvent pathogen-mediated inhibition of individual death pathways. Molecules from the pyroptotic, apoptotic and necroptotic cell death pathways interact to form a single molecular complex termed the PANoptosome.
Recent studies by the lab of Prof. Kanneganti (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis) identified the PANoptosome, a molecular platform triggering inflammatory cell death. PANoptotic stimuli (bacteria or virus) induce the formation of a PANoptosome complex with a number of pyroptotic, apoptotic and necroptotic molecules such as ZBP1, RIPK1, RIPK3, Caspase-1, Caspase-8, NLRP3, Asc and FADD under regulation of ZBP1, TAK1 and Caspase-6.
Christgen S, Zheng M, Kesavardhana S, et al. Identification of the panoptosome: a molecular platform triggering pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis(Panoptosis). Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10:237.
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